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A
period of decay and disarray of the nationhood throughout which at least 5
„dynasties”, or rather „royal families” may be distinguished. They were ruling
at different parts of the Upper Egypt. They “held reigns” usually ephemerally
and concurrently with others. Below there are presented those of rulers who laid
a claim to a royal titulary and of whom we are able to say anything. Some of the
names are possibly different names of the same person. |
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1783-1779 |
Wegaf
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Khwitawire (Re Protects the Two Lands) |
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Wegaf |
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The
Turin
Canon assigns to him two years, three months and twenty four days of rule. |
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1779-1774 |
Amenemhat
V Senbuf
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Sekhemkare (Powerful of Ka, Re) |
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Amenemhat Sebbuf (Amen is at the Head, He is Wholesome) |
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Turin Canon gives 3 years of rule. Some relics were found as: stone blocks of Tod, a seal, scarab, inscriptions from Semna and Aksut, statue of the temple on Elephantine. |
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1774-1768 |
Sekhemre
Khwtawi
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Sekhemre Khutawi (Powerful is Re, Protector of the Two Lands) |
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1768-1765 |
Amenemhat
VI
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D. Franke is questioning the existence of Amenemhat. In his opinion second and fourth ruler of this dynasty are the same person, reigning ca. 1750 BC. |
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1765-1764 |
Sehetepibre
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Sehetepibre |
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c.1764
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Iufeni
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King whose name He belongs to me is confirmed only by Turin Canon. |
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1764-1760 |
Amenemhat
VII
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Sankhibre (The Head of the Re Lives) |
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Ameni Intef |
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Amenemhat (Amon is at the Head) |
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Turin Canon and Table of Karnak give evidence to this ruler. His name was inscribed also on stone block from architrave at Heliopolis and cylindrical seals. |
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c.1759 |
Nebnun ( Semenkare )
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Throne name of this ruler smn-kA-ra known of Turin Canon meant Ka is the strengthened power of Re. In faience stela of temple of Gebel Zeit discovered in 1984 is disclosed birth name Nebnwn – [My] Lord is Nun, which indicates that this ruler used galenite mines in Eastern Mountains. |
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1759-1751 |
Hornedjheriotef
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Sehetepibre |
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A ruler presumably of Asiatic origin, his name, recorded in Turin Canon meant Horus protects his father. Only remains of his palace at Tell el-Daba remained to date. To this king is ascribed also a scarab found at Jerycho. |
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10
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1751-1750 |
Suadjkare
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c.1750 |
Nedjemibre
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This regent of throne name nDmib-ra Pleasant is the hart of Re is documented in Turin Canon. To him are also ascribed two scarabs, on of Memphis and second of Asia Minor. |
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12
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c.1747 |
Sebekhotep
I
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13
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c.1746 |
Reniseneb
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Reniseneb |
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1745-1739
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Hor I
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Awtibre |
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Hor |
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1739-1732 |
Amenemhat
VIII
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The ruler mentioned on basis of the monument sacred to god Montu, on cylindrical seals, scarab and graffito in pyramid of queen Chuit at Sakkara. |
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1732-1729 |
Amenemhat
IX Sebekhotep II
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Sekhemre Khuitawi |
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Amenemhat Sebekhotep |
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1729 - 1718 |
Khendjer
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Weserkare |
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Khendjer |
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Burial place – pyramid at North Saqqara, primarily 37 m high, angle of slope 55 o, crowned with pyramidion of black granite, surrounded with outer and internal brick-wall. The complex consisted also of mortuary temple, north chapel and queen’s pyramid. Inside the pyramid there was a row of passages with uncommon system of blocades and arrangements securing the chamber which itself was hollowed out of a 60 t block of quartzite. The existence of the pharaoh Khendjer is recorded on two papyri, of Brooklyn and Bulak-18. In the Turin Canon Khendjer is omitted. |
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ruin of pyramid at Saqqara |
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c.1717 |
Imiramesha
(Mermesha)
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| J. von Beckerath suggests that name of the ruler which meant Commander of army was primarily a title adequate to his function and became his name at the moment of his taking the rule. To the king are devoted to colossal sitting statues of Tanis (placed primarily at Memphis) and usurped later by Apopis. He ruled presumably for 2-3 years. | |
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c.1715 |
Intef
IV
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| Ruler whose name is mentioned in the Turyn Canon, statue of Medinet Maadi and scarabs. | |
20
Seth
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a
Panteni
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Ameni
Kemau
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| Remains of pyramid and sarcophagus belonging to this king were discovered in 1957 on the necropolis at Dahshur. | |
c
Ibi
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Aakeni
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Name of this ruler, meaning „the brave donkey” appears merely in genealogy of priests at Memphis. In Backerath opinion this name comes from Seth is Brave, and was altered to this form at the time of excommunication of the god Seth. |
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1711-1708 |
Sebekhotep III
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Sekhemre Swadjtawi |
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Sebekhotep |
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The
Turin
Canon assigns to him one year, one month and two days of rule. |
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1707 - 1696 |
Neferhotep I
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Khaisekhemre |
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Neferhotep |
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Turin Canon gives him 11 years and 1 month of rule. Neferhotep was son of Haankhef, the high priest from Abydos, and Kemi. His two brothers, Sahathor and Sebekhotep IV, held rule immediately after him. Neferhotep resided at Ithi-tawi in Central Egypt. Traces of this pharaoh’s rule were found both at Byblos (Phoenicia), Aswan and Buhen in Nubia. Building activity was focused mainly near Fayum, Thebes, at Abydos and on Elephantine. Burial place of the ruler might have been pyramid at Mazghuna provided that it does not belong to Sebekhotep IV, as some scholars suggest. |
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1695 |
Sahathor
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Brother of Neferhotep I and Sebekhotep IV, ruling for a short time. Apart from Turin Canon, where data concerning period of Sebekhotep rule did not survive, his rule is documented in rock inscriptions of Sehel and Wadi Hammamat as well as two statues of a temple of Hekaib on Elephantine. |
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1695 - 1686 |
Sebekhotep IV
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Khaineferre |
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Sebekhotep |
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Stela of Edfu gives evidence of year 8 of Sebekhotep rule. He was brother of his immediate predecessors to the throne. The Royal List of Karnak places Sebekhotep immediately after Neferhotep I omitting short rule of Satathor. This ruler left numerous monuments all over Egypt giving evidence of great significance and might of his rule; many statues of Sebekhotep are known. Documented war campaign into Lower Nubia is a proof of rather offensive policy at those times, however some scholars (W. Helck) suggest that in times of Sebekhotep (or directly after they ended) there was a governmental breakdown leading to formation of few independent principalities. At the same time Hyksos might have come to the rule in Delta. |
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1686 - 1681
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Sebekhotep
V
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1681 - 1670
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Iaib
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Wahibre |
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Iaib |
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The Turin Canon assigns to him ten years, eight months and twenty eight days of rule. Name of this ruler (apart from Turin Canon) survived on scarabs, a seal and stele of Sahathor. His wife was queen Khaesnebu. |
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1670 - 1657 |
Ai I
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Merineferre |
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Ai |
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Turin canon assigns to him a rule of 23 years, 8 months and 28 days. Evidence of his rule is disclosed both by relics in south and north of the land, among others: pyramidion from his, located presumably at Saqqara, pyramid, door-frames and stone blocks of temple at Karnak and numerous scarabs. |
28
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1656 |
Sebekhotep
VI
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1656-1655 |
Ani
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| King mentioned on a scarab. | |
29
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1655-1653 |
Suadjetu
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Ined
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The ruler mentioned in Turin Canon. His throne name means Beloved is rule of Re. In J. von Beckerath and D. Franke opinionhe may be identified with Neferhotep II. |
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1652-1649 |
Neferhotep II
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Neferhotep |
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Throne name of the king, Merisekhemre, means Beloved is rule of Re. This name is identical with his predecessor’s name and due to this fact J. von Beckerat assumed they were one person. Turin Canon assigned to him 3 years and 1 month of rule. |
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c.1648 |
Hori
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| The ruler mentioned solely in Turin Canon. According to this source he ruled no more than one year but A. Gardiner suggested 5 years. | |
32
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1648-1647 |
Sebekhotep
VII
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Merikawre |
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Sebekhotep |
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c.1646
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Didumes
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Djedhotepre |
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Djedneferre |
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Didumes |
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Two rulers of the same name or one who changed titulary during his reign. Sometimes the ruler is identified with Tutimaios (of Manetho) under whom Egypt was probably attacked by Hyksos. In D. Franke opinion Didumes might have been the contemporary of Salitis, the first Hyksos ruler. |
Ibi
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Throne name of this ruler means „[Perfect] in Maat, Re”. It is mentioned only in Turin Canon. |
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39
Hor
II
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40
Se...kare
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41
Senebmiu
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Swahenre |
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Senebmiu |
44
Sekhaenre
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Merkheperre
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Regent named Of beloved form Re is mentioned in Turin Canon and a scarab of British Museum. |
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47
Merikare
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g
Senweseret
IV (
Sesostris IV )
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Montuemsaf
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This ruler, whose throne name Dd-anx-ra means Eternal is life of Re and the birth name mnTw-m-sA.f – Monu protects him. Existence of Montuemsaf is confirmed by stele of Gebelein and a few scarabs. |
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Neferhotep
III
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King whose full titulary is known thanks to stele discovered in temple of Karanak. He is presented there as king-warrior who defends and saves a city of Thebes. For the first time in Egyptian history the blue crown is mentioned in the stele of Neferhotep. |
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Mentuhotep
V
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The ruler’s throne name was mri-anx-ra, Re is pleased with life. From his times remained only statue of god Sobek, found at Karnak. |
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k
Nerkare
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l
Wesermontu
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m
Sebekhotep
VII
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Ini
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The ruler whose throne name Of beloved dignity of Re is known from the sitting statue devoted to Amun-re of Karnak. |
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Mentuhotep
VI
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| Mentuhotep VI is known to us only from a fragment from mortuary temple of Mentuhotep Nebhepetre at Deir el-Bahari. | |
p
Senaib
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q
Sebekhotep
VIII
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r
Wepwawetemsaf
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s
Hor
Meritaui
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t
Sebekai
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Khuiiker
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| The king’s existence is testified in Turin Canon and architrave with his name found at Abydos by sir W.F. Petrie. | |
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Copyright © 2000-2003 Dariusz Sitek, Czestochowa - Chicago - Ann Arbor |
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