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| Phoneme | Spelling | Examples | Pronunciation | Translation | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dental | |||||
| /c/ | c | ca³y | /cawy/ | whole, all | A compact, strict combination of /t/ and /s/. However, if /t/ (spelt “t” or “d”) meets /s/, the result is /cs/ (in very slow speaking /ts/), not /c/. |
| dz | ludzki | /lucḱi/ | human | ||
| wódz | /vuc/ | leader, chief | |||
| t | autsajder | /awcsajder/ | outsider | ||
| wkrótce | /fkrucce/ | soon | |||
| d | podstawa | /pocstava/ | base, basis | ||
| dowódca | /dovucca/ | commander | |||
| /ʒ/ | dz | dzwon | /ʒvon/ | bell | A voiced counterpart to /c/. |
| c | wiêcby | /v′enʒby/ | so it would | ||
| d | odznaczenie | /oʒznačeñe/ | award; honour | ||
| oddzwoniæ | /oʒʒvoñiæ/ | call back | |||
| t | piêæsetz³otowy | /p′eñceʒzwotovy/ | of 500 zlotys | ||
| Alveolar-apical | |||||
| /č/ | cz | czê¶æ | /čew̃¶æ/ | part | A compact, strict combination of /t/ and /¹/. However, if /t/ (spelt “t” or “d”) meets /¹/, the result is /č¹/ (in very slow speaking /t¹/), not /č/. |
| d¿ | mó¿d¿ki | /mu¹čḱi/ | cerebella; brains | ||
| bryd¿ | /bryč/ | bridge (game) | |||
| t | ¶wiêtszy | /¶f′enč¹y/ | holier | ||
| trzy | /č¹y/ | 3 | |||
| wiotczeæ | /v′oččeæ/ | droop, flag | |||
| d | przedszkole | /p¹eč¹kole/ | kindergarten | ||
| podczas | /poččas/ | during | |||
| podtrzymywaæ | /počč¹ymyvaæ/ | support; maintain | |||
| /ǯ/ | d¿ | d¿d¿ownica | /ǯǯovñica/ | earthworm | A voiced counterpart to /č/. |
| cz | liczba | /liǯba/ | number | ||
| d | od¿ywianie | /oǯžyv′añe/ | nourishment | ||
| odrzutowiec | /oǯžutov′ec/ | jet | |||
| t | grot¿agiel | /groǯžaǵel/ | mainsail | ||
| Postdental (prepalatal) | |||||
| /æ/ | æ | æma | /æma/ | moth | A compact, strict combination of /t/ and /¶/. However, if /t/ (spelt “d”) meets /¶/, the result is /æ¶/ (in very slow speaking /t¶/), not /æ/. |
| ci | ciastko | /æastko/ | piece of cake | ||
| c | cisza | /æi¹a/ | silence | ||
| d¼ | ³ód¼ | /wuæ/ | boat | ||
| naje¼d¼ca | /naje¶æca/ | invader | |||
| d | dok±d¶ | /dokoñæ¶/ | (to) somewhere | ||
| odsiew | /oæ¶ef/ | sifting(s) | |||
| podsinia³y | /poæ¶iñawy/ | somewhat livid | |||
| odci±æ | /oææoñæ/ | cut off (perf.) | |||
| odcinaæ | /oææinaæ/ | cut off (imperf.) | |||
| /ʒ́/ | d¼ | d¼wiêk | /ʒ́v′eŋk/ | sound | A voiced counterpart to /æ/. |
| dzi | dzieñ | /ʒ́eñ/ | day | ||
| dz | dzi¶ | /ʒ́i¶/ | today | ||
| æ | choæby | /xoʒ́by/ | even if; at least | ||
| d | podziemny | /poʒ́¼emny/ | underground | ||
| przedzimie | /p¹eʒ́¼im′e/ | early winter | |||
| nadd¼wiêkowy | /naʒ́ʒ́v′eŋkovy/ | supersonic | |||
| oddzia³ | /oʒ́ʒ́aw/ | squad; department | |||
2009-02-04
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